副词/形容词+然，表示一种状态，常常作状语。做状语时，可以理解成“副词/形容词+地”。有时也可以做谓语，定语，补语。英语中有一些形容词加"ly"可以变成副词。
The suffix “然” may be added after a few adverbs and adjectives to create a complete word that indicates a certain state of being. Such words are often used as adverbials, but may act as a predicate, attributive, and complement as well. In terms of meaning, the “然” suffix is like “-like” in English and in terms of function, it works like “-ly”.
（1） 副词+然。adverb + 然
突然 (adv. suddenly; unexpectedly) ：很快地，没有想到地。作状语。如，(acts as an adverbial)
Sample sentences:
•我正在学习，突然停电了。
I was reading when the power was suddenly out.
•汽车突然一停，我差点没摔倒。
I almost fell to the ground when the car suddenly came to a halt.
•刚才天气还挺好，怎么突然下起雨来了？
It was fine just now. How come it started to rain suddenly?
作谓语，如，(acting as predicate)
Sample sentences
•这个消息太突然了。
The news came as a great surprise to me.
•他问得太突然了，我不知道怎么回答他才好。
I was totally unprepared for his question and didn’t know what to say.
（2） 形容词+然。adjective +然
欣然 (adv. readily; with pleasure) ：高兴地。如，
Sample sentences:
•他的脾气不太好，但是这次～同意了我提出的建议。
He has a temper, but for once, he readily consented to do as I suggested.
•她虽然舍不得女朋友的离开,但为了她的安全,～地答应了她的离开。
Altough she was reluctant to let her friend leave, she readily agreed to it for the sake of her friend’s safety.
•妈妈看了他的考试成绩，～地点了点头。
Mum had a look at his exam results and nodded with pleasure.
茫然 (adv. blankly; at a loss)：迷惑地。如，
•对于裁判的判决结果，他一脸～。
He couldn’t believe that the referee made such a call and was at a loss.
•从监狱出来，她～地不知道往哪儿走。
Stepping out of the prison gate, she was at a loss as for where to turn.
•他醒来以后，～地看了看周围，还不知道这是医院。
After he woke up, he looked around blankly, not knowing that he had been lying in a hospital bed.
显然 (adv. obviously; clearly)：明显地。如，
Sample sentences:
•看着导演得意的表情，～他对这部电影很满意。
Just see how elated the director looks. It is obvious that he is very pleased with the movie.
•一个月两百块钱想要租房子，～是不够的。
Setting aside two hundred yuan a month for rent clearly is not enough.
•这次的考试他努力地准备了半年，对于这样的考试结果，～他不能接受。
He prepared half a year for the exam and has been working very hard for it during this period. Clearly he is not prepared to accept such a result.
公然 (adv. openly; flagrant; shamelessly)：公开地。如，
Sample sentences:
•这些工厂～把污水倒进河中。
These plants shamelessly dumped their sewage into the river.
•在这次全国的考试中，他～作弊。
He flagrantly cheated on the national examination.
•小偷～在公共汽车上偷乘客的钱。
The thief boldly picked passengers’ pockets on a bus.
毅然 (adv. firmly; resolutely)：坚决地。如，
Sample sentences:
•他～地献身祖国的科学事业。
He firmly committed himself to scientific research development in China.
•他～地离开了美国，回到了思念已久的家乡。
He firmly made the decision to leave the United States and come back to his dear hometown that he has been missing all the time.
•作为一名大学生，他～报名从军了。
He firmly made the decision to enlist himself in the army when he was a college student.
泰然 (adv. calmly; with perfect composure)：形容心情很安定。如，
Sample sentences:
•在中国有一句古话“得之淡然，失之～，争其必然，顺其自然”。
As an old Chinese saying goes, “we take life and its ups and downs with grace and do not close the door when opportunities knocks.”
•他临危不惧，神情～。
Even though he was in grave danger, he was calm, cool and collected.
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