发音要领Essentials of Pronunciation
ie:是复韵母。前一个元音开口度小，发音短而轻，很快滑向后一个元音后一个元音开口度大，发音长而响亮。
Compound finals. The first vowel is pronounced by making the mouth opening narrow and the sound soft and short, and then it glides quickly to the second vowel which is formed by opening the mouth widely and is long and loud.

发音要领Essentials of Pronunciation
üe:是复韵母。发前一个元音时，又唇收缩成圆形。然后很快滑向后一个元音。
üe 在自成章节时分别写作yue。
Compound finals. When you pronounce the first vowel the lips are forced into a round position. Then glides quickly to the second vowel. üe change respectively to "yue" in written forms when standing as a syllable alone.

发音要领Essentials of Pronunciation
er:是卷舌韵母。口半开，舌面平放，在发e 音的同时，舌尖向上轻翘接近硬腭，随即放下，发出er音。er自成音节。
er 有时和前一个音节的韵母结全成为儿化的韵母。汉字写作"儿"（ér），如：哪儿。
It is a retroflex final. [er] is produced by first half opening the mouth and placing the tongue flat, and then , when "[e]" is made, raising the tongue tip close to the hard palate and putting it down again immediately. "er" forms a syllable alone.
Sometimes, "er" is combined with another final in the preceding syllable to form a retroflex ending. The Chinese character for "er" is "儿" (ér); such as :哪儿。

发音要领Essentials of Pronunciation
an:是鼻韵母。n是舌尖鼻音韵尾，也叫前鼻音韵尾。先发元音，紧接着将舌尖抵向上齿背，使气流从鼻腔出来。


Nasal finals. [-n] is an alveolar nasal consonant or a front nasal consonant. The nasal finals are pronounced by first producing the vowel and then placing the tongue tip against the back of the upper teeth to force the air out through the nose.

发音要领Essentials of Pronunciation
en:是鼻韵母。n是舌尖鼻音韵尾，也叫前鼻音韵尾。先发元音，紧接着将舌尖抵向上齿背，使气流从鼻腔出来。
Nasal finals. [-n] is an alveolar nasal consonant or a front nasal consonant. The nasal finals are pronounced by first producing the vowel and then placing the tongue tip against the back of the upper teeth to force the air out through the nose.

发音要领Essentials of Pronunciation
in:是舌尖鼻韵母。


[in] is a front nasal final.

发音要领Essentials of Pronunciation
un:是鼻韵母。在发第一个元音时，首先要圆唇，然后，很快滑向后一个音节。舌根低向软腭，使气流从鼻腔出来。
[un] is a nasal final. When pronounce the first final, you should round your lips, and then it glides quickly to the second vowel. The tongue presses its back against the soft palate and releases the air through the nose.

发音要领Essentials of Pronunciation
ün:是舌尖鼻韵母。在发第一个元音时，首先要圆唇，然后，很快滑向后一个音节。舌根抵向软腭，使气流从鼻腔出来。
[ün] is a nasal final. When pronounce the first final, you should round your lips, and then it glides quickly to the second vowel. The tongue presses its back against the soft palate and releases the air through the nose.